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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Nutritional risks - potential to become malnourished (primary, secondary)
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Primary - inadequate intake of nutrients
secondary - caused by disease or other latrogenic effects |
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Recovery and nutrition
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Capacity for recovery from illness or disease depends on nutritional status
poor - delays good- promotes healing |
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Psychologic elements and nutrition
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Psychologic and physiologic elements occuring during hospitilization can put patients at nutritional risk
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Nutrition screening
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Identifying characteristics associated with nutritional problems
must be done within 48hrs of admission to hospital |
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Characteristics of nutrition screening
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Collection of - relevant data on risk factors, interpretation of data
for intervention/treatment,cost effective, helps determine the need for
a nutrition assessment
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Nutrition care process
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Begins when a patient is identified as being at nutritional risk and needs extra support
-nutrition assessment, diagnosis, intervention, monitoring/ evaluation |
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Nutrition assessment uses data collection from:
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-anthropometric data, biochemical data, clinical observations, diet evaluations
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Anthropometric assessment
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Noninvasive techniques that measure - height, weight, head circumference, skinfold thickness
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Height
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Children - evaluates growth and nutritional status
adults - needed to assess weight and body size |
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Weight
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Simple, gross estimate of body composition - most imp. measure
used to predict energy needs and recognize changes (serious health problems) |
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BMI
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Body mass index - measures weight corrected for height
desired range for adults - 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 |
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Biochemical assessment
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Most important blood tests are visceral protein status and immune function
-visceral protein status assesed via serum alb and prealb -immune function-total lymphocyte count normal: greater than 1500cells/mm3 |
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Serum albumin
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Assess visceral protein status
-compromised protein status - 2.8-3.5 mg/dl possible protein malnutrition - below 2.8 |
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Prealbumin
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Thyroxing-binding prealbumin
visceral protein status assessment normal - 20to50 mg/dl compromised - 10-15 g/dl protein malnutrition - less than 10g/dl |
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Clinical assessment
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Incorporates data from medical history (hypertension), social history (drug use), physical examination ( poor wound healing)
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