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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Adults prodcue about how much stool/day?
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150 g
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4 basic pathophysiologic causes of diarrhea?
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*increased secretion of electrolytes and water into the bowel lumen
*increased osmotic load within the intestine, leading to water retention in the bowel lumen *inflammation leading to exudation of protein and fluid from the intestinal mucosa *altered intestinal motlitiy leading to rapid transit times |
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5 causes of increased secretion?
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*enterotoxin producing bacteria (eg: cholera, e.coli)
*noninvaseive microbial gastro *carcinoid syndrome *vasoactive intesitnal peptide-secreting tumor (VIPoma) *villous adenoma |
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7 causes for incrased osmotic load?
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*sorbitol ingestion (sugar-free candy diarrhea)
*bile salt malabsorption *pancreatic insufficiency (due to lipid malabsorption) *lactase deficiency (lactose intolerance) *other malabsoprtion syndromes (eg: celiac diseaes) *postantrectomy rapid gastric emptying (dumping syndrome) *magnesium-containg laxatives |
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5 inflammatory causes?
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*UC
*CD *raidation-induced enteritis *invasive microbial gastro (eg shigella) *cytoxic bacterial infection (eg: c diff) |
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3 causes of altered intestinal motility?
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*thyrotoxicosis
*IBS *Neurologic disease |
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Watery stool indicates what mech?
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Secretory
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Bulky, greasy stool indicates what mech?
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Osmotic
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Bloody stool with or without leukocytes indicates what kind of stool?
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Infammatory
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What 4 types of meds can --> diarrhea?
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Antihypertensives, anti-inflammatory agents, diuretics
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A common cause of chronic secretory diarrhea?
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Laxative abuse
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Which extraabdominal symtpoms should you ask about?
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Arthritis, rashes, wt loss, edema
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Besides listneing for bowel sounds and checking for abdominal tenderness, should also check for?
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Degree of hydration, rectal mass or mass
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If not assoicated with ___, acute diarrhea is often ___
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Drugs
infectious |
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What 8 reasons would make you want to get a stool sample from your pt?
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IF HOT BAD
*Immunocompromised *Fever (high) *Homosexual male *Overseas or outdoor (eg: hiking) travel *Toxicity (systemic) *Bloody stool *Antibiotic use (recent) *Dehydration evidence |
