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Cards In This Set
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Alleles
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Different forms of genes
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Autosomes
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The first 22 pairs of chromosomes. (23rd determines the sex of the child.)
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Behavioral Genetics
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The branch of genetics that deals with inheritance of behavioral and psychological traits.
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Chromosomes
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Threadlike structures in the nucleus that contain genetic material. Each egg and sperm cell have 23 chromosomes.
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Deoxiribonucleic Acid (DNA)
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DNA is made up of 4 different chemical compounds (adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine) held on two "strands." Each different chemical has a compliment or opposite chemical to which it is lined up against. Each group of three chemical "instructions" are called a gene. Each chromosome contains one molecule of DNA.
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Dizygotic or fraternal twins
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Twins coming from two separate eggs, which have been fertilized by two separate sperm.
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Dominant allele
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Its chemical instructions are followed. (Recessive alleles's directions are not followed.)
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Gene
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A group of three chemical compounds of DNA which together create a gene and instructions.
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Genotype
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The complete set of genes that make up one's heredity.
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Heterozygos
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When the alleles in a pair of chromosomes differ.
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Homozygos
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When the alleles in a pair of chromosomes are the same.
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Sickle-cell trait
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When a person has one dominant and one recessive allele for Red Blood Cells.
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Huntington's Disease
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Fatal Disease characterized by progressive degeneration of the nervous system. Caused by a dominant allele found on chromosome 4. Cells begin to deteriorate throughout middle age.
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Incomplete Dominance
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When one allele doesn't completely dominate another allele. The phenotype that results often falls between either allele. (ie: with that that controls RBCs)
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Monozygotic twins
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Aka Identical Twins. Come from a single fertilized egg that splits.
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