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Criterion reference testing
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When criteria for mastery are established or known prior (ex. drivers test; GED) allowed 80 percent or higher to pass
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Norm reference testing
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Focuses on individual differences in performance (ex SAT, grading on the curve)
percentiles, standard scores, grade/age equivalents percent of people below w/ refeference to other students other peope (GRE, SAT) |
Norm reference testing compared with
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How other people did.
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Criterion reference testing compared
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Against the test itself
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NRT adv (grading on the curve)
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NRT adv-grades are based on actual performance; rather than some arbituary criteria
Dis- is you have to give as many A's as F's; can't publish standards in advance. you can not put in your syllabus what grades are until you get the results. |
Mastery Approach CRT
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Adv- standards can be published in advance; everyone can have an "A" -students are not competing agianst each other.
Dis- Arbituary criteria (convention) are not based on a meaningful criteria/standard of excellence. measured agianst test, percent correct |