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1 Log decrease
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90% of original population killed (10% left)
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2 Log Decrease
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99% of the original population killed (1% remains)
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Why are gram positive bacteria more senstive to microbial control?
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Lack outer LPS coat.
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TDP
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Thermal death point = lowest temperature necessary to kill all microorganisms in a liquid suspension in 10 minutes
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TDT
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Thermal death time = minimum length of time necessary to kill ALL bacteria at a specific temperature
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DRT
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Decimal Reduction Time = time in minutes necessary to kill 90% of bacteria at a specific temperature
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How does moist heat work in microbial control?
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Coagulates proteins by breaking 3 dimensional bonds.
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Autoclaving
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Application of steam under pressure
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How does dry heat work in microbial control?
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Oxidation. Works more slowly than moist heat. Organisms are incinerated.
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How does boiling work in microbial control?
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Destroys vegetative cells of most bacteria, fungi and inactivation of some viruses. DOES NOT KILL ENDOSPORES!!
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How does canning work in microbial control?
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Combination of heat and removal of oxygen
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Which potentially dangerous bacteria can survive during the canning process?
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Anaerobic thermophiles
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How does pasterurization work in microbial control?
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Uses heat (milder then autoclave) to kill important human pathogens.
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Which type of milk is sterile?
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UHT Milk (140 degrees at 3 seconds)
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How does refrigeration work in microbial growth?
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Restricts growth of pathogenic microorganisms (most mesophiles), DOES NOT REMOVE THEM, therefore only good for short term.
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