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Cognitive Decisionmaking
Compensatory Model Non compensatory model |
-Process by which consumers combine info about attributes to
reach a decision in a rational, systematic manner
-Consumers make judgments about goodness and badness and weigh them in terms of how important the attributes are to their overall decision -Consumers use negative info to evaluate brands and immediately eliminate the ones that suck in any one/more important attributes |
Direct or Imagined Experience
Reasoning by Analogy or Category Values-driven attitudes |
-Using actual experience or
imagining what the experience would be like to form a positive or negative
experience about a product/service
-Forming an attitude about a product/service by comparing it to a other products -Your values drive the formation of your attitude toward a particular brand/product |
Social Identity-based attitude generation
Analytical Processes or Attitude Formation |
-The way that consumers view their
own social identities can play a role in forming their attitudes toward a
product/brand
-After being exposed to marketing stimuli or other info (like a commercial), consumers sometimes form attitudes based on their own cognitive responses (thoughts, ideas, recognitions, evaluations, etc) |
Classical Conditioning
Instrumental/Operant Conditioning |
-Producing a response to a stimulus by repeatedly pairing it with another stimulus that automatically produces this response
-The view that behavior is a function of reinforcements and punishments received in the past |
Stage Model of Consumer Decisionmaking
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1. Problem Recognition- difference between actual and ideal state2. Information Search- Internal (memory) and External3. Evaluation of Alternatives- Salient (prominent) & Determinant (distinctive) Attributes, Consideration Set (3-5)4. Purchase5. Consumption6. Post Consumption Evaluation- Meets/Exceeds/Fails Expectations7. Divestment- Dispose, Resell, Recycle
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Involvement
Elaboration Likelihood ModelCentral and Peripheral Route |
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a person’s perceived
relevance of an object (product) based on inherent needs, values and interests
-High Involvement, High MAO, -Low Involvement, Low MAO, doesn't create stable long-term attitude, attention to superficial cues |
Multiple Roles Perspective
Need for Cognition Dual Process Model |
-A variables role in persuasion can differ
-As individual difference, variable Petty developed -ELM, not only one process |
Extended Decisionmaking leads to
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-infrequent, high-risk purchases, unfamiliar products- Extensive information search and evaluation-Processing by brand ex: Cars: Fords and Chevys
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Limited or Routinized Decisionmaking leads to
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-frequent, low-risk purchases ex: milk-Reliance on decision rules (heuristics) ex: my parents bought it, brand-Processing by attribute ex: peanut butter: creamy, low-fat
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Beliefs
Attitudes Intentions |
- Subjective judgements about relationships between 2+ things, predict attitudes
-Overall evaluation (dis/like) of a products, predicts intentions -whether or not the person intends to buy |
Multi-Attribute Attitude Models (MAAMs)
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- Attitude= sum of Evaluations x Beliefs-Evaluation= Evaluation of Attribute's Importance- Belief= Belief that brand delivers attribute-aka expectancy-value model
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Implications of MAAMs
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-Capitalize on strengths ex: location-Change beliefs about marketers/competitors brands-Change evaluation of attribute's importance-Add an attribute
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Measurement of Belief, Attitude, Intention
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Ex: Beats by Dre will deliver high quality bass sound
Strongly agree_ _ _ _ _strongly disagree
Beats by Dre are Very good _ _ _ _ _very bad Like/dislike or good/bad How likely are you to purchase a pair of Beats by Dre Very likely _ _ _ _ _ not at all likely |
Purchase Intention
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How likely are you to order a pair of Beats by Dre
_ Definitely will buy
_ probably will buy
_ might or might not buy
_ probably will not buy
_ definitely will not buy
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Non-Compensatory Evaluation Strategies
Process by Brand Process by Attribute |
-certain
standards that need to be met regardless of the strength of other attributes
-Conjunctive: Establish minimum standards for attributes, reject bad options ex: house- @least 3 bdrm, pool -Lexicographic- Select product based on one most important attribute |