Community Psychology Ch. 2

History of community psychology

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Five forces that affected the emergence of community psychology
1. interest in preventative persective
2. reforms in mental health systems
3. developments in group dynamics research and action
4. movements for social change and liberation
5. an undercurrent of optimism about social change efforts
"PG MOM"
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John Glidewell and Margret Gildea
Established programs in schools and with parents to prevent behaviour problems in 1953.
Emory Cowen
Began the primary mental health project in elementary schools of rochester ny in 1958. evaluated thier efforts with empirical research.
George Albee
The nation could never afford to train enough professionals to provide clinical care for all those who needed it. called for emhasis on prevention
Marie Jahoda
Headed efforts to broaden thinking about mental illness by defining qualities of positive mental health.
-studied unemplotment in 1930.
-in the 1950s the U.S. joint commission on mental health asked her to lead an interdiciplinary team to define positive mental health.
Us commission on mental healths definition of positve mental health
Strong personal identity, motivation for psychological growth, pursuit of values, resilience under stress, independent choices and actions, empathy, and adequacy in love work play and interpersonal relations.
The Wellesley Human Relations Service
Erich Lindemann- stressed the importance of learning from citizens and enabling them to take responsibility for the mental health of thier community
George Fairweather
The community Lodge.
Seymour Sarason
Yale Psychoeducational clinic
3 aims
1. to understand the culture of the school and how that inhibits learning
2. to gain that understanding experientially through performing services in schools
3. to model for university students the everyday practical involvment of their faculty in schools
Emory Cowen
Child associates
called for more emhasis on prevention in his annual review of psychology chaper
Naomi Weisstein
"psychology constructs the femaile: or the fantasy life of the male psychologist"
emhasized the importance of social contexts in shaping choices and acts
Julian Rappaport
Argument that the field should focus on values to guide research and social action. focus on strenghts.
emhasiss on community self determination and empowerment
Barbara Dohrenwend
Ecological model of stress and coping
integrated many of the emerging themes in community psychology and provided a guide for intervention