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What was the Folk Psychology view of Teaching and Learning?
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The main idea was that students were blank slates meant to be filled with knowledge
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What was the Misconceptions Movement and when did it occur?
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Misconceptions movement was a reaction to Folk Psychology view of teaching and learning, it recognized that students had false beliefs tat interfered with their learning and tried to replace them.
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What was the Constructivist movement, who was its founder, and when did it occur?
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Jean Piaget pioneered the constructivist movement in the mid twentieth century. His theory was that humans generate ideas from experiences.
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What was the main goal of the Conceptual Change movement, and what was it a reaction against?
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Tried to understand why students have difficulties in science, it was a reaction against the misconception movement.
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Why was the misconception movement anti-constructivist?
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Because it did not allow students to construct their own ideas.
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Define Knowledge.
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Learned concepts represented in the cognitive system without judgment.
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What is a clinical interview?
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A social interaction between an interviewer and the interviewee, supported by Piaget because it fostered natural learning by presenting a problematic issue to the interviewee with the challenge of solving it.
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Why do misconceptions occur?
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Because we live in a physical world and have intuitive experience. Intuition is usually correct, but the application of it is not.
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What is the impetus theory and why is it a misconception?
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Setting an object in motion imparts an internal force, began with aristotle. However, gravity is often the only force on the object.
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What was Kuhn's theory?
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Scientific progress proceeds through normal shifts punctuated by periods of rapid change, analogous to history of science.
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Define Incommensurability
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The characteristic of inexplicability
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Who coined the term conceptual change and what was the influence behind it?
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Carey, the developmental psychologist, coined the term, and was influenced by the analogy between development of students' theories and the history of science.
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What was the basis of the theory theory?
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Students have theories similar to scientists and test them.
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Who was the founder of the Theory Theory, and when did this occur?
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In 1983, Michael McCloskey noticed that students entered the classroom with articulate ideas that contradicted Newtonian theory.
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What are the conditions under which students' ideas change?
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According to Posner, Strike, Hewson, and Gertzog (in 1982), dissatisfaction, intelligibility, plausibility, and fertility were the conditions. Later, Posner and strike added "motivation" to the list in 1990.
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