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Relationship between %T and concentration
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Inverse, non-linear
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Relationship between log %T and concentration
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Inverse, linear
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Relationship between absorbance and concentration
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Direct, linear
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Beer's Law
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Abs=abca: absorptivityb: light path lengthc: concentration of analyte in solution
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Formula for %T and absorbance
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A=2-log%T
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Tungsten
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360-710 nm, was most common, cheap, low energy & high intensity, high heat
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Tungsten-halide
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320-710 nm, most common now, higher intensity & stability, longer life, max output in the visible range of wavelengths
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Hydrogen or deuterium
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165-360 nm, higher intensity & output, need high voltage power supply, deuterium-max output in UV wavelengths
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Mercury or xenon arc
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Produce line spectrum, get line spectrum, not suitable for routine work, high intensity, need high voltage power supply
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Laser
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Narrow intense beam, produces essentially monochromatic light
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Light emitting diodes (led)
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Emit more specific wavelengths than tunsten or tungsten-halide bulbs, often used in cell counters as light source for hemoglobin measurements
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Spec 501, turner 830 plus light source
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Tungsten-halitde
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Turner 830 light source
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Tungsten
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Most narrow band pass specs light source
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Hydrogen (deuterium) and tungsten
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Fluorometer light source
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Xenon or mercury arc
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