Classification of Informal Fallacies

Mistake of trying to draw a conclusion about all things of a certain kind's having a certain feature on the basis of having observed too small a sample of the things that allegedly have it, or a sample that is neither comprehensive nor randomly selected

Inductive argument could fail to support its conclusion

must make reasonable that the things alleged to be alike in the premises are in fact analogous in ways relevant to its conclusion

The mistake of arguing that there that there is a significant causal connection between two phenomena when in fact the connection is either minimal or nonexistent

Committed by any argument whose premises attempt to support the conclusion that something is (or isn't) the case by appealing to the lack of evidence to the contrary

Attempt to support the conclusion by invoking alleged authorities who in fact have no expertise relevant to the claim that's being made