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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Theories
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Explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interest, providing a framework for understanding the relationships among an organized set of facts or principles.
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Psychodynamic perspective
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The approach to the study of development that states behavior is motivated by inner forces, memeories and conflicts of which a person has little awareeness or controll.
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Psychoanalytic theory
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The theory proposed by freud that suggests that unconscious forces act to determine personality and behavior.
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unconscious
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A part of the personality about which a person is unaware
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id
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The raw, unorganized, inborn part of personality that is present at birth. Primative drive related to hunger, sex, aggression
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pleasure principle
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The id operates by this. the goal is to maximize satisfaction and reduce tension.
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ego
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The part of personality that is rational and reasonable
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reality principle
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The ego operates on this priniciple. Instinctual energy is restrained to maintain the safety of the individual and help intergrate the person into society.
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superego
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This represents a person's conscience, incorperating dsitinctions between right and wrong.
Develops around age 5 |
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psychosexual development
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According to freud, a series of stages that children pass through in which pleasure, or gratification, is focused on a particular biological function and body part.
pleasure shifted from mouth (oral stage) to anus (anal stage) to genitals (phallic or genital stage) |
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Fixation
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Behavior reflecting an earlier stage of development due to an unresolved conflict.
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Psychosocial Development
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Erikson's view. the approach to the study of development that encompasses changes in the understanding individuals have of their interactions with others, of others' behavior, and of themselves as members of society.
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generativity-versus-stagnation stage
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One's contributions to family, the community, or friends can produce either poisitive feelings about the continuity of life or a sense of stagnation and dissapointments about what they are passing on to future generations.
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behavioral perspective
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The approach to the study of development that suggests that the keys to understanding development are observable behavior and outside stimuli in the enviornment.
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classical conditioning
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A type of learning in which an organism responds in a particular way to a neutral stimulus that normally does not bring about that type of responce.
e.g. if a dog is repeatedly exposed to the pairing of the sound of a bell and the presentation of meat. dog drools to sound of bell. automatic responce |
