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Atom (2)
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-Building blocks of matter
Made of 3 types of particles1. Protons in nucleus (+ charge)2. Neutrons in nucleus (neutral charge)3. Electrons around nucleus (negative charge) |
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Proton (2)
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Has positive charge combines with neutron to make most of atomic mass
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Solution
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Homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances
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Solute
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The substance being dissolved (usually a solid)
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Solvent
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The substance doing the dissolving (usually a liquid)
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Molarity (aka)note Formula
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# moles of solute in one Litre of a solution
(aka M) note: the volume must always be in liters when calculating molarity  OR:  |
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Why is temperature important to consider when calculating volume of a solution?
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The volume of a solution may be affected by temp. changes. if temp changes the volume might change too.
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When 2 solutions mix, the volumes may not be ________. Give an example of what ____ means.
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Additive. i.e. while mixing two 50mL solutions, the final solution might not be a total of 100mL
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Dilution When diluting a solution, the number of moles of the solvent DOES/DOESN'T change. Formula
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The process of reducing concentration of a solution either by adding a solute or another solvent. The # moles of the solvent DOES NOT change when diluting a substance(as long as a reaction doesn't take place)
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Density Formula
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The mass of a unit of volume of the solution
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Parts per Million
Formula VS Parts per Billion |
Ppm- The ratio of mass of a solute to the mass of solution expressed in the same units and multiplied by 106
 ppb- The ratio of mass of a solute to the mass of solution expressed in the same units and multiplied by 109 |
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What is the molarity of 350 mL solution which contains 25.00g CuSO4?
What are the steps to solve this question? (3) |
1. Find the MM of CuSO4
MM=249.17 g mol -1 2. calculate n (number of moles per CuSO4)  3. Now answer the question by calculating the molarity of the solution:  |
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A solution of HCl has a concentration of 1.258 mol/L. What volume of this solution contains .258 mol of HCl?
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 Therefore 205 mL of solution contains .258 mol HCl |
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A useful relation when comparing between the molarities of the starting and diluted solutions ca be:
note: |
 note: this expression explains the fact that the amount of solute before and after dilution with a solvent (or another nonreactive substance) is the same |
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How well are you going to do on this midterm??
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SOOO well!! Keep up the great work. It'll be worth it
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