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Cards In This Set
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Hydrocarbons
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 Are organic molecules composed solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms. |
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Subscript
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In chemical formulas the number of atoms in a molecule is written as a subscript, so we write H2O for water which has two atoms of hydrogen for each one of oxygen.
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Ionic Compounds
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Is a chemical compound in which ions are held together in a structure by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds. The positively charged ions are called cations and the negatively charged ions are called anions.
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Cations
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An ion or group of ions having a positive charge and characteristically moving toward the negative electrode in electrolysis.
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Anions
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A negatively charged ion, i.e., one that would be attracted to the anode in electrolysis.
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Subscript Understood Rule
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When there is no subscript written next to an atom's symbol or outside of parentheses. The value of the subscript is understood to be 1. For example Lead (IV) Hydroxide - Pb(OH)4. There is only 1 atom of Lead Pb4+ for each compound.
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Monatomic Ions
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Is an ion consisting of a single atom. If an ion contains more than one atom, even if these atoms are of the same element, it is called a polyatomic ion. For example, calcium carbonate consists of the monatomic ion Ca2+ and the polyatomic ion CO32−.
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Stock System of Naming
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For inorganic compounds is a widely used system of chemical nomenclature developed by the German chemist Alfred Stock and first published in 1919. In the "Stock system", the oxidation states of some or all the elements in a compound are indicated in parentheses by Roman numerals.
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Binary Compounds
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Is a chemical compound that contains exactly two different elements. Examples of binary ionic compounds include calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium fluoride (NaF), and magnesium oxide (MgO).
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Binary Covalent Compounds
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Is composed of two different nonmetal elements. For example, a molecule of chlorine trifluoride, ClF3 contains 1 atom of chlorine and 3 atoms of fluorine.
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Crossing Over Method
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 Is a method of balancing the charges between ions in an ionic compound. |
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Nomenclature (Naming System)
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Is a set of rules to generate systematic names for chemical compounds. The nomenclature used most frequently worldwide is the one created and developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
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Oxyanions
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An anion containing one or more oxygen atoms bonded to another element (as in the sulfate and carbonate ions). An oxyanion or oxoanion is an ion with the generic formula AₓOyz−.
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-ate
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Name of the anion with the greater number of oxygen atoms. For example Nitrate (NO3-).
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-ite
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Name of the anion with the smaller number of oxygen atoms. For example Nitrite (NO2-).
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