Chapter 9 Political Geography

"splitting state"

Separations between de jure states; formal-follow natural barriers (ie rivers, mountains, oceans) if none occur these are fixed along straight lines (th simplest cartographic device possible); 1844 Berlin Conference divides map of Africa amongst European Powers

Forces that divide or pull the state apart

Forces that pull together and unify the state

A category of belonging to a nation-state that includes civil, political, and social rights

Samuel Huntington's hypothesis that the future of world conflict will be caused by cultural differences that create divisions and fuel conlfict between civilizations; 8 civilizations: Judeo-Christian, Islam, Orthodox, Hindu, Confucian, Japanese, Latin America, Africa

US Strategy- confine the USSR by making a series of alliances in the rimland (NATO-North Atlantic Treaty Organization, CENTO- Central Treaty Organization, SEATO- Southeast Treaty Organization)

A group of states united for a common purpose

Often when regionalization has occurred, governments offer some decentralization of political power; Ex. Scotland and Wales now have their own parliaments even though they are no states themselves

The acquisition, by colonized peoples, of control over their own territory

Institutionalized ways of constituing knowledge

The theory that if one country in a region chooses or is forced to accept a communist political and economic system, then neighboring countries would be irresistibly susceptible to communism

Social Darwinism; german geographer who use biologicla contructs to desribe theories of the state; believed the state acts like an organism, in expanding and contracting over time; in measuring this changes in territoriality, one can assess the well-being of the state

State's power to control space or territory and shape the foreign policy of individual states and international political relations

redistricting for partisan purposes