Chapter 9 Biology Key Terms

Chapter 9 Biology key terms

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Calorie
Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.
Glycolysis
First step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
Cellular Respiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
NAD+
Electron carrier involved in glycolysis.
Fermentation
Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen.
Anaerobic
Process that does not require oxygen.
Aerobic
Process that requires oxygen.
Krebs cycle
Second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions.
Electron transport chain
A series of proteins in which the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle are used to convert ADP into ATP.