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Cards In This Set
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Bone as a tissue.
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- Connective tissue with a matrix hardened by minerals [cal- cium phosphate].- Continually remodels itself.
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What do individual bones consist of?
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- Bone tissue.- Marrow.- Blood.- Cartilage.- Periosteum.
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What are the 6 functions of the skeletal system?
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- Support.- Protection.- Movement.- Electrolyte balances.- Acid-base balance.- Blood formation.
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What are the three different shapes of bones?
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- Long bones.- Short bones.- Flat bones.
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What are long bones?
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- Levers acted upon by muscles.- found in the femur, radius, and ulna.
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What are short bones?
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- Glide across one another in multiple directions.- Carpels [wrists] and tarsels [ankles].
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What are flat bones?
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- Protect soft organs.- Skull and ribcage.
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Shaft [diaphysis].
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- Cylinder of compact bone.- Marrow cavity [medullary] line with endosteum.
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What is endosteum?
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- Osteogenic cells and reticular connective tissue.
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Enlarged ends [epiphyses].
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- Spongy bone covered by compact bone.- Enlarged to strengthen joint and attach ligaments.
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Joint surfaces are covered with...
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- Articular [hyline] cartilage.
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Shaft covered with periosteum.
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- Outer fibrous layer of collagen.- Inner osteogenic layer of bone forming cells.
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Epiphyseal plate.
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- Growth plate.- If damaged, you stop growing.
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Structure of a long bone [ 4 parts ].
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- Compact and spongy bone.- Marrow cavity.- Articular cartilage.- Periosteum.
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Structure of a flat bone [ 3 parts].
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- External/internal surfaces composed of compact bone.- Middle layer is the spongy bone and bone marrow.- Skull fracture may leave inner layer of compact bone unha- rmed.
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