Chapter 7: Molecular Organization of Chromosomes

1.) Ranges over several orders of magnitude in some groups of organisms, and is not correlated with developmental, metabolic, or behavioral, complexity.

2.) The segment of double-stranded DNA are twisted around one another in a manner analogous to +the way a telephone cord can be twisted around itself. Reason for part of the compaction of the circular chromosome.

3.) No twisting is present other than the helical twisting.

4.) Counteracts the underwinding of DNA.

5.) Produce supercoiling of natural DNA molecules.

6.) Act by wrapping themselves completely around a DNA duplex and causing single-stranded nick.

7.) Cleave sugar-phosphate bonds, and creates single-stranded nicks.

8.) Condensed unit called a folded chromosome.

9.) Loops of DNA that are held together by different proteins which keep them separate from each other.

10.) The major class of proteins that are responsible for the structure of chromatin.

11.) The DNA of all eukaryotic chromosomes is associated with numerous protein molecules in a stable, ordered aggregate called ________.

12.) The one of the five major histones that is not remarkably similar to the rest.

13.) The five major types of histones.

14.) Any of the small basic proteins bound to DNA in chromatin.

15.) Each nucleosome core particle contains two molecules of each.