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Cards In This Set
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What is a Codon?
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Series of 3 nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
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What is DNA Polymerase?
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Enzyme that synthesizes DNA using an existing strand as a template to make the complementary strand
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What is DNA Replication?
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Duplication of a DNA molecule
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What is a Gene?
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Functional unit of the genome; encodes a functional product, most often a protein
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What is a Genome?
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Complete set of genetic information in a cell or a virus
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What is Messenger RNA (mRNA)?
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Type of RNA molecule translated during protein synthesis
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What is a Promoter?
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Nucleotide sequence to which RNA polymerase binds to start transcription
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What is Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
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Type of RNA molecule present in ribosomes
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What is a Ribosome?
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Structure that facilitates the joining of amino acids during translation; composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins
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What is RNA Polymerase?
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Enzyme that synthesizes RNA using one strand of DNA as a template
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What is Transcription?
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Process that copies the information encoded by DNA into RNA
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What is Transfer RNA (tRNA)?
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Type of RNA molecule that acts as a key, interpreting the genetic code. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid
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What is Translation?
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Process that uses the information carried by mRNA to synthesize the encoded protein
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Our incredible diversity of life forms like plants and animals is dictated by what?
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DNA
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DNA is composed of 4 nucleotides, name them.
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Adenine (A)
Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) |
