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Cognitive (mental) maps
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Psycological representations of locations that are made up from people's individual ideas and impressions of these locations
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Collective Memory
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Maurice Halbwachs, human memory can only function within a collective conscience; shared remembrance that develops throughout time; ex. a nation develops its collective memory through building memorials it chooses to/ not to erect
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Cultural Landscape
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A tangible outcome of the complex interactions between a human group and a natual environment
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Derelict Landscapes
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Landscapes that have experienced abandonment, misuse, disnvestment, or vandalism
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Landscape as text
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Idea that landscapes and be read and written by groups and individuals
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Landscape Representation
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Ordinary(Vernacular) Landscapes
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Everyday landscapes that people create in the course of their daily lives
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Place Marketing
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Places attempting to change themselves to become appealing for tourism and economic gain; continualy re-interpreting, imagining, designing, packaging, and marketing themselves for their own benefit
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Semiotics
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Practice of writing and reading signs
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Symbolic landscapes
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Representations of particular values or aspirations that the builders and financiers of those landscapes want to impart to a larger public
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Sacred spaces
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Area recognized by individuals or groups as worthy of special attention as a site of special religious significance
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Topophilia
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Emotions and meanings assciated with particular places that have become significant to individuals
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Popular culture
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Found in large, heterogenous society that shares certain habits despite differences in personal characteristics
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Material culture
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The physical objects produced by a culture in order to meet its material needs: food, clothing, shelter, arts, and recreation (Carl Sauer)
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Custom
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Frequent repetition of an act until it becomes characteristic of a group of people
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