Science Chapter 5-8

Electric potential difference: work done per unit charge to move a positive test charge between A and B. Joule / coulomb = Volt

The change in the electrical potential energy = the work done Moving from point A (low EP) to point B (high EP)makes charge q gain electrical potential energy △potential energy = F * d = E * q * d

The energy acquired by an electron as it moves through a potential difference of 1 volt. 1 eV = 1.6 x 10^-19­J

The flow of charged particles through a material when a potential difference is applied across it. Rate of flow of charge Unit: Ampere (A) I=Q/t

a measure of how difficult a charge can flow in a material Unit: Ohms (Ω)R=V/I

Provided that the physical conditions such as temperature are kept constant, the resistance is constant over a wide range of applied potential differences and therefore the potential difference is directly proportional to the current. potential difference α current. Voltage = Current * Resistance

In ohmic behavior, V and I are not proportional to each other. In non-ohmic behavior, V and I are not proportional to each other.

Electrical power is the rate that an electrical device uses energy. P = ,E-t. = I²R = ,,V-2.-R

The amount of energy per unit charge supplied to a circuit by a power source.

When a battery supplies a current to an external circuit it gets warm. This is due to the battery having a small internal resistance.

Changing the ratio of resistance will vary the potential difference

Light stops shining on LDR Resistance increase Potential difference increase Light on! refer to image

Every material particle in the Universe attracts every other material particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the particles and that is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

the gravitational field strength at a point is the force exerted per unit mass on a particle of small mass placed at that point

Refer to image