Chapter 5 Test--Greeks

A fortified hilltop; center of Greek city-states

Wrote more than 80 tragedies; most famous is Oresteia, a 3-play series; Father of Tragedies; plays examined the idea of justice

In 334 BC, he led 35,000 soldiers to defeat Darius III; went across Hellespont; defeated Persians at Battle of Granicus and at the Battle of Issus

Alex refused to take all of Darius's lands west of the Euphrates because the Persian army was weak from their losses. Marched into Egypt in 332 BC and was hailed as a liberator. Beat Persians at Gaugamela

From Syracuse; accurately estimated pi; explained the law of the lever; invented Archimedes screw & compund pulley

Estimated that the sun was 300X the size of earth; proposed that earth and other planets revolved around the sun

A government ruled by a small group of noble, land-owning families

Wrote the 1st great comedies--The Birds & Lysistrata

Philosopher who invented method for arguing according to rules of logic; invented basis of scientific method; 343 BC--Aristotle starts tutoring Alex the Great; student of Plato; founded zoology

Greeks helped Ionia revolt against Persia; Greeks burned Ionia to the ground including the Persian temples

1) Mycenaeans--lived in south Greece; cities surrounded by 20-ft.-thick walls; warrior-king ruled; dominated from about 1600BC-1100BC 2) Dorians--1200 BC attacked & burned Myc. cities; sea raiders; far less advanced; writing lost from about 1150BC-750 BC 3) Macedonians--cnoquered Greece in 338BC; Philip II king in 359BC; assassinated in 336BC at daughter's wedding; Alex king in 336BC

Leader of Athens around 500BC; organized citizens into 10 groups based on where they lived; increased assembly power; Council of 500 created to propose laws & counsel assembly

Sparta & Athens

Trained for war

Greek, Egyptian, Persian, Indian