+
Related Flashcards
Related Topics
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
|
Physical laws direct evolution
|
- Air vs. Water: movement, total body size
- Gas exchange: unicellular vs. multicellular; simple vs. complex body plans (circulatory, digestive systems / interstitial, circulatory fluids)
|
|
Hierarchical organization
|
- cell < tissues (groups of celss with common function) < organs (tissues gorup together into a functional unit) < organ systems (groups of organs that work together)
|
|
Epithelial Tissue
|
- cover outside of body
- lines organs and cavities
- Functions as barriers: injury, pathogens, fluid loss
- interface with environment
|
|
Types of Epithelial Cells
|
- cuboidal
- simple columnar
- pseudostratified ciliated columnar
- stratified squamous
- simple squamos
|
|
Connective Tissue
|
- sparse cells scattered thru extracellular tissue: liquid, jellylike, solid
- function to bind and support other tissue
|
|
Types of connective tissue
|
- loose connective tissue
- fibrous connective tissue
- bone
- cartilage
- adipose tissue
- blood
|
|
Types of tissue fibers
|
- collageous - strength/flexibility, non-elastic
- elastic - stretchy, resilient, elastin
- reticular - thin, branched, collagen, joins other connective tissue to adjacent tissues
|
|
Types of tissue cells
|
- fibroblasts - secrete protein ingredients of extracellular fibers
- macrophages - engulf foreign particles and debris
|
|
Muscle Tissue
|
- responsible for movement
- made of filaments that cause contractions: actin & myosin
|
|
3 types of muscle tissue
|
- skeletal
- cardiac
- smooth
|
|
Nervous Tissue
|
- function: sense stimuli and transmit signals throughout body
- cells: neurons (axons - extensions specialized to transmit nerve impulses); glial cells (nourish, insulate, replenish neurons)
- brain: concentration of nervous tissue
|
|
Homeostasis
|
- ability of an animalto maintain a stable internal state
|
|
2 types of homeostasis
|
- regulator - organisms that uses internal mechanisms to regulate internal changes to external environment
- conformer - organisms that allows internal environment to conform to external
|
|
Negative feedback
|
- response that lessen stimuli to maintain normalcy
- e.g: sweat, glucose (insulin), blood pressure (barorefex)
|
|
Possitive feedback
|
- response that amplifies stimuli
- e.g: labor (contraction), bledding (clotting), lactation (milk production)
|
