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Today’s IT infrastructure is composed of five major components:
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Computer hardware, computer software, data management technology, networking and telecommunications technology, technology services
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System software
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Manages the resources and activities of the computer.
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Application software
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Applies the computer to a specific task for an end user, such as processing an order or generating a mailing list.
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Data management software
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Organizes, manages, and processes business data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors.
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Legacy systems
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Are generally older transaction processing systems created for older computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning them.
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Workstation
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Desktop computer with powerful graphics and mathematical capabilities and the ability to perform several complicated tasks at once.
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Server
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Computer specifically optimized to provide software and other resources to other computers over a network.
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A mainframe
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is a large- capacity, high- performance computer that can process large amounts of data very rapidly.
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A supercomputer
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is a specially designed and more sophisticated computer that is used for tasks requiring extremely rapid and complex calculations with thousands of variables, millions of measurements, and thousands of equations.
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Grid computing
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Applying the resources of many computers in a network to a single problem.(Or: a distributed network of computers)
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Distributed processing
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The use of multiple computers linked by a communica-tions network for processing
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Centralized processing
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All processing is accomplished by one large central computer, is much less common.
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Client/ server computing
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A model for computing that splits processing between clients and servers on a network, assigning functions to the machine most able to perform the function.
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The client
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The user point of entry for the required function and is normally a desktop or laptop computer.
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A two- tiered client/ server architecture.
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The simplest client/ server network, consisting of a client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines.
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