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| Front | Back |
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When it was coined, the term second world referred to
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The Soviet Union and its socialist allies.
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One reason World War II was more destructive in Europe than the World War I was that
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Armies in World War II had fought a war of movement, leveling thousands of square
miles of territory, a development already foreshadowed in part by the use of tanks at the close of World War I. |
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Many Jewish concentration camp survivors returned to their countries in Europe to find
that |
Anti-Semitism was still strong in popular opinion, and they received very little help in
returning to postwar life. |
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The demands of total war in the Soviet Union had encouraged independent initiative and
relaxed Communist oversight, a development that Stalin |
Ruthlessly reversed through increased repression, increased production goals, and a still
more radical collectivization of agriculture. |
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In his policies toward the Soviet Union, Truman
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Was tougher then Roosevelt, cutting off aid as soon as the war ended.
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The Marshall Plan aimed to provide
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Food, equipment, and services to war-devastated Europe.
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Following the end of World War II, the British and Americans were alarmed when
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Communist insurgents threatened the British-installed, right-wing monarchy in Greece.
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An exception to the rule in eastern Europe, Communist ruler Tito (Josip Broz, 1892–1980)
established a fairly independent, non-Soviet Communist state in |
Yugoslavia.
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The United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union agreed to Germany's division into four
occupation zones during a meeting held in |
Yalta.
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Stalin violated the agreement among the members of the Grand Alliance regarding postwar
Germany when he |
Dismantled and sent a significant percentage of the German industrial infrastructure in
the Soviet zone of occupation to the Soviet Union. |
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When, in 1948, the Soviets blockaded Berlin, situated more than 100 miles inside the Soviet
zone, the United States responded by |
Staging Operation Vittles, an ongoing airlift that supplied the residents of Berlin with
food and fuel into the spring of 1949. |
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The Nuremberg trials against Nazi war criminals, held in the fall of 1945, led to either
execution or long-term prison terms for some |
24 senior Nazi officials.
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The Allied victors all believed that one of their tasks in occupied Germany was ideological
reorientation, a task that Stalin accomplished through |
The confiscation and redistribution of land, particularly the estates of wealthy Germans.
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The post–World War II Nuremberg trials concerned war crimes committed by
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Nazi leaders.
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Following the war, the political party in Europe that reflected a coalition of Communists
and socialists and pursued liberal economic reform and democratic reform was the |
Christian Democrats.
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