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Cards In This Set
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DEFINITIONS: #1-10 and give an example
1. DOMINANT |
An allele that is fully expressed in the heterozygote
exp. freckles |
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2. GENOTYPE
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The genetic makeup consisting of both alleles
exp. aa / Aa |
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3. HETEROZYGOTE
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Having two different alleles for one gene
exp. Bb |
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4. HOMOZYGOUS
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Having two identical alleles for one trait
ex. dd / PP |
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5. POLYGENIC INHERITANCE
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Two or more genes determine a trait
ex. skin color |
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6. PLEIOTROPY
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One gene having many effects on the body
ex. sickle-cell anemia |
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7. PHENOTYPE
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Observable characteristics
ex. blue eyes |
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8. RECESSIVE
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Allele whose effects are masked in the heterozygote
ex. albinism |
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9. SEX-INFLUENCED TRAIT
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Genes found on autosomal chromosomes influenced by sex hormones
ex. baldness |
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10. X-LINKED GENE
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Genes on the X chromosome with no Y counterpart
ex. colorblindness |
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Two or more genes located on the same chromosome are called?
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Linked genes
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What is amniocentesis?
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Drawing out amniotic fluid about 14-18 wks in pregnancy, the cells are grown, then centrifuged and collected. Fetal cells are examined for abnormalities in the number of chromosomes. Sex can be determined.
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What are some risks associated with amniocentesis?
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Some risk of the needle puncturing the fetus or umbilical cord ... sometimes removing amniotic fluid causes miscarriage.
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What is CVS?
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(chorionic villi sampling) involves taking a small tissue sample of the chorionic villi and analyzing it for chromosomal abnormalities. done in the 6-8th week of pregnancy
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Advantages/Disadvantages of CVS?
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advantage- can be done a lot earlier than amniocentesisdisadvantage- more of a chance of miscarriage
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