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Cards In This Set
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Sensory neuron
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A neuron that detects changes in the external or internal environment and send information about these changes to the central nervous system.
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Motor neuron
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A neuron located within the central nervous system that controls the contraction of muscle or the secretion of a gland.
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Interneuron
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A neuron located entirely within the central nervous system.
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
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The brain and spinal cord.
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Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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The part of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord, including the nerves attached to the brain and the spinal cord.
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Soma
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The cell body of a neuron, which contains the nucleus.
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Dendrite
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A branched, treelike structure attached to the soma of a neuron; receives information from the terminal buttons of other neurons.
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Synapse
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A junction between the terminal button of an axon and the membrane of another neuron.
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Axon
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The long, thin, cylindrical structure that conveys information from the soma of a neuron to its terminal button.
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Multipolar neurons
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A neuron with one axon and many dendrites attached to its soma.
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Bipolar neuron
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A neuron with one axon and one dendrite attached to its soma.
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Unipolar neuron
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A neuron with one axon attached to its soma; the axon divides, one branch receiving sensory information and the other sending information into the central nervous system.
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Terminal button
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The bud at the end of a branch of an axon; forms synapses with another neuron; sends information to the neuron.
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Neurotransimtter
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A chemical that is released by a terminal button; has an excitatory inhibitory effect on another neuron.
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Membrane
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A structure consisting principally of lipid molecules that defines the outer boundaries of a cell and also constitutes many of the cell organelles.
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