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Cards In This Set
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What was the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) and who created it?
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-Bill Clinton created this act as a major reform to public welfare in 1996.
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What are social welfare policies?
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Policies that provide benefits to individuals, either through entitlements or means testing.
Ex. Food Stamp Coupons, Social security checks, Medicare. |
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What are entitlement programs?
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-Government benefits that certain qualified individuals are entitled to by law, regardless of need.
**Often called, "Social Insurance" Ex. Social Security and Medicare -You don't have to be poor to get it, and being rich does not disqualify you, You pay into it for others, then when you get to that age you receive benefits. |
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What are means-tested programs?
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-Government programs available only to individuals below the poverty line.
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How do Americans feel about means-tested programs?
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-Some people think it is government handouts and are hostile towards it, and some are more sympathetic towards the poor and encourage it.
-Americans divide the poor into "Deserving Poor" and "Undeserving Poor". |
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Who are the "Deserving Poor"?
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-Victims of things they are not responsible for: disabilities, loss of a breadwinner, ect.
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Who are the "Undeserving Poor"?
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-People who have presumably created their own problems, and do not warrant governments help.
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What do politicians say is the main argument over income?
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-They say that politics are becoming more polarized and that the main conflict is basically over income redistribution.
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What is income distribution? And what has been the trend?
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-The "shares" of the national income earned by various groups.
-The trend is "the rich get richer, and the poor get poorer." |
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What is income?
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-The amount of funds collected between any two points in time.
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What is wealth?
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-The value of assets owned.
*Includes: stocks, bonds, bank accounts, cars, houses..ect. |
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What is the poverty line?
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-A method used to count the number of poor people, it considers what a family must spend for an "austere" standard of living.
*Defined by Mollie Orshansky in 1960's. |
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What types of people are more prone to be poor?
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-African Americans, Hispanics, unmarried women, and inner-city residents.
**Race and ethnicity are major factors. |
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What is the feminization of poverty?
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-The increasing concentration of poverty among women, especially unmarried women and their children.
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What are the two ways that the government can affect people's incomes?
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-Through taxes and expenditures.
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