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Cards In This Set
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In prokaryotes, a group of genes with related functions is called
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Operon
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Tryptophan is placed into a culture of E. coli cells. As a result, the bacterial cells switch off transcription of tryptophan because the amino acid binds to the
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Repressor
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The promoter of an operon
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is where RNA polymerase binds
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In prokaryotes, operons
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Regulate the rate of transcription
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The gene for human growth factor is inserted into the E. coli lactose operon so that it replaces the structural genes with the gene for human growth factor. What substance must be added to the bacterial culture so that they produce human growth factor?
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Lactose
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In E. coli the lactose operon (lac operon) is turned on in the presence of
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Lactose
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In some species of bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotic tetracycline, the antibiotic molecule attaches to a repressor protein. This prevents binding of the repressor to the bacterial DNA and allows a set of genes to be transcribed. The transcription of these genes is under the control of a(n)
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Operon
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Some species of bacteria can either synthesize the amino acid glycine or absorb it from their surroundings. If glycine binds to a repressor protein, which then allows the repressor to bind to the bacterial chromosome, the operon will not be transcribed. If it is like other operons, the presence of glycine will result in the
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Cessation of the synthesis of glycine
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Operons
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Function in frequently changing environments
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In multicellular eukaryotic cells, the control of gene expression is more complex because
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These cells are specialized for different functions
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Cells become specialized by a process known as
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Differentiation
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Histones are
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Proteins around which DNA is coiled
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In eukaryotes, DNA packing seems to affect gene expression primarily by
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Controlling access to DNA
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In eukaryotes, chromosomes are tightly coiled due to the association of histone proteins and DNA. These structures are known as
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Nucleosomes
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Nucleosomes
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Wrap around the DNA for organization and compaction
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