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The story at the beginning of the chapter discussed what? (267)
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The country of Oman maintaining their extremely traditional society despite the fact that they trade with other countries. The sultan took dictatorial steps to prevent modernization to protect the people from corruption, despite the huge oil deposits (and therefore the huge wealth) that were discovered. Sultan was over thrown by his son and educated citizens and modernization began through education and there has been little to no corruption since.
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What is "development"? (269)
*Three key dimensions* |
Probably only need to be able to identify all but explain one.
1. Organizational: behaviors and actions by groups, institutions, and societies that are based on specialization, interdependency, and differentiation of roles and functions 2. Technological: use of increasingly complex and sophisticated artifacts to produce useful goods and services and control the environment 3. Attitudinal: cognitive, affective, and evaluative orientations that are dominated by scientific knowledge, rationality, secular values, and individualism. |
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Which of the three is the "core" of economic development? (269)
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Technological
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Social indicators such as greater urbanization, expanded communications, more extensive social networks, improved efficiency, higher education levels and literacy rates, and greater social mobility show advances of which two dimensions? (269)
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Organizational and attitudinal
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What is "Westernization"? (270)
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Greater secularism, individualism, and materialism
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Which key dimension does "Westernization" affect? (270)
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Attitudinal
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What types of groups are trying to avoid "Westernization"? (270)
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Religious and traditional countries such as countries associated with Islam and Hinduism
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Why is economic development sometimes questioned? (270)
*Two possible answers* |
Depletion of the earth's resources and degradation of the environment
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Karl Marx believed in six stages of development, what were they? (270)
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1. Primitive Communism
2. Slavery 3. Feudalism 4. Capitalism 5. Socialism 6. Communism |
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There are a number of ways to determine the process of development, what are they? (270-274)
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Looking at a country's:
1. Response to key challenges 2. Individual-level change 3. Civil Society 4. Culture and Change |
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What are traits of the "syndrome of modernity"? (273)
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1. Openness to new experiences (people and behaviors)
2. Shift from traditional authority to modern authority 3. Confidence in modern technology(no fatalistic attitude) 4. Desire for social mobility 5. Belief in value for planning and punctuality 6. Interest in politics and community affairs 7. Interest in news and national and international affairs |
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What is statism? (274)
*Economic development* |
Emphasizes strong actions by the state to support and manage the system of production and distribution of goods.
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What is neoliberalism? (275)
*Economic development* |
Maximizes the economic freedom of individuals, households, and firms. Limits state intervention in the economy.
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What are the strategies of the developmental state approach? (275)
*Economic development, combines statist and neoliberalist approaches* |
1. State-supported, export-oriented capitalism: Aggressive capitalism w/ little gov't intervention
2. Targeting market niches: Successfully sold goods 3. Agrarian support: Domestic food production |
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What is an NIC? (277)
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Newly Industrializing Country
*Argentina and Chile are growing while Brazil and Mexico are not* |
