Ch.5 Meteorology

If a parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, with no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings.

Process where the rate of adiabatic cooling or warming remains constant and is about 10*C for every 1000 meters of change in elevation. Since this rate of cooling or warming only applies to unsaturated air.

Because the head added during condensation, the air no longer cools at the dry adiabatic rate but at a lesser rate.

Because this is the rate at which the air temperature surrounding us would be changing

Because the lifted parcel of air is colder and heavier than the air surrounding it . If released, the parcel would have a tendency to return to its original position.

The rising air is warmer and less dense than the air around them, once the parcels start upward, they will continue to rise on their own.

The elevation above the surface where the cloud first forms.

From the surface to 4000 meters the condition for instability being whether or not the rising air becomes saturated.

Forced lifting along a topographic barrier

The region on the leeward side of a mountain, where the precipitation is noticeably low, and the air is often drier.

Large droplets overtake and collide with smaller drops in their path.

Water droplets existing at temperatures below freezing

Just as liquid cloud droplets form on condensation nuclei, ice crystals may form in subfreezing air if there are ice-forming particles

Both ice crystals and liquid cloud droplets must coexist at below-freezing temperatures.

The grouth of a precipitation particle by the collision of an ice crystal or snowlfake.