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Cards In This Set
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James Watson and Francis Crick
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•introduced a double helical model for the structure of deoxyribonucliec acid or DNA
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Heredity information
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Encoded in DNA and reproduced in all cells of the body• this DNA directs the development of biochemical, anatomical, physiological, and to some extent behavioral traits
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Franklin
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Concluded that the two outer sugar phosphate back bones, with nitrogenous bases paired in the molecules interior
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Watson
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Built a model in which backbones are antiparallel and other subunits run opposite directions
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Chargaffs law
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Adenine= thymineguanine=cytosine
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Base principle
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Two DNA strands are complimentary; each strand acts as a template for building new strands replication• DNA replication
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Semi conservative model Of replication
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Predicts when a double helix replicates each daughter molecule will have one old strand and new strand
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DNA replication
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Grows towards 3 direction of new strandold is toward 5It begins at the origin of replications where the DNA strands are seperated, opening a replication bubble
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Topoisomerase
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Corrects over winding ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands
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Replication fork
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• ends of each replication bubble• y shaped region where new DNA strands are elongated
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DNA polymerase
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Add nucleotides to an existing 3' end•catalyze the elongation of new DNA •require a primer and DNA template strand•rate of elongation is 500 nucleotide per second
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Helicase
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Enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks
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Primer
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Initial nucleotide strand is short RNAshort 5-10 nucleotides the 3 serves as a starting point for new DNA strand
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Single strand binding proteins
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Bind to and stabilize single stranded DNA
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Primase
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Enzyme that starts RNA chain from scratch adds RNA nucleotides one at a time using parental DNA as template
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