CHILD DEVELOPMENT Chapter 6

PIAGET'S TERM FOR THE WAY INFANTS THINK -- BY USING THEIR SENSES AND MOTOR SKILLS -- DURING THE FIRST PERIOD OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT.

THE FIRST OF THREE TYPES OF FEEDBACK LOOPS IN SENSORIMOTOR INTELLIGENCE, THIS ONE INVOLVING THE INFANT'S OWN BODY. THE INFANT SENSES MOTION, SUCKING, NOISE, AND OTHER STIMULI, AND TRIES TO UNDERSTAND THEM.

THE SECOND OF THREE TYPES OF FEEDBACK LOOPS IN SENSORIMOTOR INTELLIGENCE, THIS ONE INVOLVING PEOPLE AND OBJECTS. INFANTS RESPOND TO OTHER PEOPLE, TO TOYS AND TO ANY OTHER OBJECT THEY CAN TOUCH OR MOVE.

THE REALIZATION THAT OBJECTS (INCLUDING PEOPLE) STILL EXIST WHEN THEY CAN NO LONGER BE SEEN, TOUCHED, OR HEARD.

THE THIRD OF THREE TYPES OF FEEDBACK LOOPS IN SENSORIMOTOR INTELLIGENCE, THIS ONE INVOLVING ACTIVE EXPLORATION. INFANTS EXPLORE A RANGE OF NEW ACTIVITIES, VARYING THEIR RESPONSES AS A WAY OF LEARNING ABOUT THE WORLD.

THE STAGE -- FIVE TODDLER (AGE 12 TO 18 MONTHS) HOW EXPERIMENTS WITHOUT ANTICIPATING THE RESULTS, USING TRIAL AND ERROR IN ACTIVE AND CREATIVE EXPLORATION.

A SEQUENCE IN WHICH AN INFANT FIRST PERCEIVES SOMETHING THAT SOMEONE ELSE DOES AND THEN PERFORMS THE SAME ACTION A FEW HOURS OR EVEN AFTER DAYS.

THE PROCESS OF GETTING USED TO AN OBJECT OR EVENT THROUGH REPEATED EXPOSURE TO IT.

FUNTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, A MEASURING TECHNIQUE IN WHICH THE BRAIN'S ELECTRICAL EXCITEMENT INDICATES ASTIVATION ANYWHERE IN THE BRAIN; fMRI HELPS RESEARCHERS LOCATE NEUROLOGICAL RESPONSES TO STILULI.

A PERSPECTIVE THAT COMPARES HUMAN THINKING PROCESSES, BY ANALOGY, TO COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF DATA, INCLUDING SENSORY INPUT, CONNECTIONS, STORED MEMORIES, AND OUTPUT.

AN OPPORTUNITY FOR PERCEPTION AND INTERACTION TAHT IS OFFERED BY A PERSON, PLACE, OR OBJECT IN THE ENVIRONMENT.

AN EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS THAT GIVES AN ILLUSION OF A SUDDEN DROPOFF BETWEEN ONE HORIZONTAL SURFACE AND ANOTHER.

PERCEPTION THAT IS PRIMED TO FOCUS ON MOVEMENT AND CHANGE.

A UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLE OF INFANT PERCEPTION, CONSISTING OF AN INNATE ATTRACTION TO OTHER HUMANS, WHICH IS EVIDENT IN VISUAL, AUTITORY, TACTILE, AND OTHER PREFERENCES,

A PERCEPTUAL EXPERIENCE THAT IS INTENDED TO HELP A PERSON RECOLLECT AN IDEA, A THING, OR AN EXPERIENCE, WITHOUT TESTING WHETER THE PERSON REMEMBERS IT AT THE MOMENT.