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By the mid-19th century, Manchester, England was one of the world's leading industrial centers, built around the manufacture and export of ________.
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Cotton textiles
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Primate cities are found in the world's _______ and ________ countries.
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Core, peripheral
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According to stastistics compiled by the United Nations, nearly ________ of the world's population today lives in cities.
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50%
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The very first region of independent urbanism was in the ________ ________.
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Middle east
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The urabnized economies of a number of early empires (Mesopotamian, Mayan, Roman) collapsed because of ________ shortages.
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Labor
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In contrast to 16th century Spanish colonizers that established military and administrative centers in the New World, Portuguese colonizers situated cities to facilitate ________ and ________.
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Trade, commerce
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List traits of gateway cities
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Tend to be port cities, were typically established by Europeans in their colonies, are control centers providing access into and out of particular countries or regions, and funneled mineral and agricultural resources from continental
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Manchester, England and Chicago, USA are both good examples of ________ cities.
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Shock
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By the late 18th century and the Industrial Revolution, cities of Europe began to grow with rural to urban migration and ________ rates.
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Death
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Chicago's explosive population growth of the 19th century was due to industrialization and its excellent ________ ________.
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Geographic situation
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Colonial planning and construction of cities in the colonies was based on ________ ________ and ________.
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European concepts, practices
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The interdependent relationship between cities and settlements of different sizes and functions within a given region is known as an ________ system.
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Urban
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The Spanish urban system is dominated by 2 cities of ________ scope which are ________ and ________.
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National, Madrid and Barcelona
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Gecekondus (Turkey), favelas (Brazil), gourbevilles (North Africa) and bustees (India) all refer to urban ________ settlements.
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Squatter
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________ urbanization is when cities grow faster than their ability to provide jobs, housing and other basic needs.
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Over
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