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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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What are the three most common types of flooding?
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Riverine, coastal, shallow
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Which type of flooding has accounted for the most flood-related deaths in recent history?
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Flash flooding.
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What is a “meander?”
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It’s a curve or turn in a river channel.
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What’s the major cause of coastal flooding?
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Storm surge.
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What causes a tsunami?
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Underwater earthquakes or volcanoes.
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List the five types of special flood hazards covered in this course. Does your community have any of these?
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— Closed basin lakes
— Uncertain flow paths
— Dam breaks
— Ice jams
— Mudflows
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List at least three benefits that floodplains, in a relatively undisturbed condi-tion, actually contribute or could contribute to your community.
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Natural flood and erosion control.
Biologic resources and functions. Societal resources and functions. |
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What two problems result from floodplain development?
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- Development alters the floodplain and the dynamics of flooding.
- Buildings and infrastructure are damaged by periodic flooding.
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What does watershed development do to flooding?
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The increase in impervious surface results in increased runoff and higher flood levels.
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What is one of the problems with constructing seawalls to protect buildings from flooding or erosion?
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It can accelerate erosion on properties at the end of the wall.
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What are the five main causes of flood damage?
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Hydrodynamic forces
Debris impact
Hydrostatic forces
Soaking
Sediment and contaminants
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Standing water as little as __ feet deep can collapse the walls of a frame house.
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3
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What are some of the safety and health hazards that accompany floods?
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Disruption of public utilities
Electrocution
Contamination of water supplies
Fire
Animal carcasses, garbage and ponds that can become breeding grounds for germs and mosquitoes.
Mold, mildew and bacteria that grow in damp, flooded areas
Contaminated air from dirty heating ducts
Stress and mental health problems.
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Prior to the 1960’s what was the primary way to reduce flood losses?
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Structural flood control projects
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What is the Unified National Program for Floodplain Management’s defini-tion of “floodplain management?”
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“A decision-making process that aims to achieve the wise use of the na-tion’s floodplains.”
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