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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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What are the 3 major categories of cervical ca?
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1. Squamous
2. Adenocarcinoma 3. Mixed 4. Neuroendocrine |
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What are the types of squamous cervical ca?
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Verrucous
papillary (transitional) carcinoma lymphoepithelioma like carcinoma |
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What are the types adenocarcinoma of the cervical?
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What are the types of mixed cervical ca?
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Adenosquamous
Glassy cell |
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What are the different grades of cervical ca?
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G1, well differentiated
G2, intermediate G3, undifferentiated |
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What type of vius is HPV?
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Double stranded DNA virus
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Factors identified as causative agents for cervical cancer?
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1. HPv
2. Genetic alterations in:
- epidermal growth factor receptor over expression
- HER-2/neu over expression
- H-ras mutation
- K-ras mutation
- c-myc overexpression
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What are the risk factors for cervical ca?
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1. low socio economic status
2. early age of first intercourse
3. intercourse with multiple sexual partners
4. herpes simplex infection
5. HPV infection
6. HIV infection
7. african american race (twice the incidence as caucasian women)
8. smoking - increases with the number of cigarettes smoked
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What is the false negative rate for detecting cervical ca by the pap smear?
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15-25%
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What the types of neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix?
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Carcinoid
large cell small cell |
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HPV subtypes that primarily cause more than 70% of cervical ca?
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16 and 18
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Description of the HPV vaccine?
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- a quadrivalent HPV vaccine covering types 6, 11, 16, 18
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What does the HPV vaccine protect against?
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HPV related cervical ca
cervical/vaginal/vulvar pre-cancer CIN, and genital warts in women ages 9-26 |
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What is the approval of this vaccine by the FDA based on?
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The Future I and II phase 3 trials - which demostrasted 100% efficacy in protecting against CIN, cervical ca, vulvar/vaginal neoplasia and genital warts upto 2 years
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HIV and cervical cancer
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- HIV status increases the risk of aquiring HPV and thus increases the risk of developing CIN
- the prevalence of CIN increases with decreasing CD4 count - HIV positive status in women younger than 35 with cervical ca is considered AIDS by the CDC |
