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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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The shape of a protein is specified by...
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Its amino acid sequence
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Proteins fold into a conformation of highest or lowest energy?
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Lowest energy
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What are two common folding patterns?
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Alpha Helix and Beta Sheet
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What are the three structures that proteins can assemble into?
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Filaments, Sheets, or Spheres
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How large is the space between coils of the alpha helix?
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0.54 nanometers
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How large is the space between folds of the beta sheet?
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0.7 nanometers
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What is the purpose of a coiled-coil formed by alpha helices?
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To minimize exposure of hydrophobic residues/amino acids to aqueous environment.
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What is the proper name for a coiled-coil?
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An amphiphilic helix
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How does a beta sheet conformation help stabilize a protein?
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It forms rigid structures at the core of many proteins.
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What are the 4 levels of organization? Describe each.
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Primary: the polypeptide chainSecondary: alpha helix of beta sheetTertiary: single polypeptide domain. can include multiple alpha helices and beta sheets bonded together. Quaternary: protein molecule made of two different domains.
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What is a protein domain? How many domains can a protein have?
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A compact, stable folded region of a protein. a protein can have more than one domain.
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How are extracellular proteins often stabilized?
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Covalent cross linkagesex: disulfide bonds
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Do most drugs inhibit or excite enzymes?
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Most drugs inhibit enzymes
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What are allosteric enzymes?
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Enzymes that have binding sites that influence one another
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Which main process controls protein activity, and how does it do this?
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Phosphorylation: trigger conformational change to turn protein on or off.
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