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Cards In This Set
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4 Events Traced to Genesis of Legislative Process
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Declaration of Independence
Articles of Confederation (Ratified 1781)
Constitution ratified by 9 states (June 1788)
Constitution Took Effect (March 4, 1789)
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What are 3 Fundamental Purposes of Constitution in Federal Government:
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1) Setting forth the 3 principal branches of the government
> Create separation of power to avoid tyranny
2) Outlining their jurisdictions
3) Propounding the basic rights of citizens
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Which Article of Constitution 'makes all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution"
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Article I, Section 8
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What are 6 law-making powers to Congress under Article I, Legislative Branch
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1) Raise Taxes
2) Borrow Money
3) Regulate Commerce
4) Conscript Forces
5) Declare War
6) Raise and Support Armies
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How often are House of Representatives chosen?
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Every second year, by people of several states
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What comprises the Senate?
How often are Senators chosen?
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2 Senators from each State, 1 Vote per Senator
Every 6 years
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What does Article I, Section 7 say?
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"All Bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments"
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What 3 authorities are provided in Article I, Section 8?
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1) Authority to lay and collect taxes
2) Authority to pay debts
3) Authority to provide for common Defense and General Welfare of US
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What Article and Section is "Power of the Purse" granted?
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Article I, Section 9
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What are the 3 ways that legislation originate?
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1) Recommendation by the President
2) Introduced by Members of Congress
3) Introduced by Committes
** Executive Agencies can submit through O.M.B. to President.
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10 Steps for how an Appropriations Bill Becomes Law
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1) Bill introduced in the House
2) Referred to Authorization and Appropriations Committee
3) Committee Hearings
4) Committee adopts Bill
5) House hearings (optional)
6) House adopts Bill
7) Similar process takes place in Senate
8) Conference Committee resolves differences
9) House and Senate pass Bill in identical form
10) President signs Bill into Law.
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1) Who is included in conference committees?
2) What are conference committees aka?
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1)Members of the respective House and Senate committees.
2) The Third Chamber
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What are Presidential Actions for proposed Bill?
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1) Approval and signature
2) Do not sign, but allows the bill to become law - After 10 days if Congress is in session
3) Pocket Veto, occurs in 10 days if President does not sign and Congress is adjourned
4) Veto, Only if Bill does not receive a two-thirds vote by either house
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What are 4 Phases of Federal Budget Cycle?
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1) Budget Forumulation
2) Congressional Action
3) Budget Execution
4) Performance Review & Audit
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What are 6 Steps of Budget Formulation?
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1) OMB Issues Guidance
2) Organization Develops Draft
3) Agency submits budget estimates to OMB
> DOD submits to USD(C), who sends to OMB on behalf of SECDEF.
4) OMB Reviews
5) President Acts
6) President send budget to Congress
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