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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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1. Know the types of vessels that blood flows through away from the heart, through the circulatory system, and back to the heart.
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Blood to arteries to arterioles to capillary beds (in tissue) to venules to veins to heart
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2. Know the type of vessel where exchange takes place between the bloodstream and tissues.
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Capillary walls
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3. List the 3 layers of a blood vessel wall from outside to inside and know the characteristics/tissue types found in each layer.
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Tunica externa
Tunica media Tunica intima |
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4. Explain how the muscles in a blood vessel wall are controlled.
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Muscle controlled by sympathetic NS
Sympathetic NS causes muscles to contract, reduce vessel diameter |
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5. Describe the characteristics of an artery.
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Thicker walls than veins (esp. tunica media)
Carry blood away from heart/ relatively closer to heart Need to expand, recoil as heart pumps (walls are stretchy and strong) |
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6. Describe elastic and muscular arteries and give examples of each
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Elastic: largest arteries; includes aorta and pulmonary trunk; thick tunica media
Muscular: medium sized arteries; tunica media has more smooth muscles; no recoil; maintain partial state of contraction; distributing arteries |
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7. Define anastomosis and collateral circulation
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Anastomosis: union of 2 arteries supplying same body region
Collateral circulation: alternate route for blood flow |
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8. Define arteriole
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Microscopic vessels regulating flow into capillaries
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9. Describe the characteristics of a capillary
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Smallest blood vessels
Walls are 1 cell thick (tunica intima) Form branching networks to increase surface area |
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10. Describe the two routes through the microcirculatory system at a capillary bed
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Through capillaries
Through thoroughfare channel |
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11. Define precapillary sphincter
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Smooth muscle fibers surrounding root of each capillary
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12. Explain how materials move in and out of the capillaries
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Diffusion, filtration, diffusion
Oxygen, nutrients move from blood to cells (mainly by diffusion) Carbon Dioxide, wastes go from cells to blood |
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13. Define venule
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Drain blood from capillaries and begin return flow to heart
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14. Describe the characteristics of a vein
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Far from heart, under low pressure (thinner walls than arteries)
Lumens are larger Have valves |
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15. List the structural differences between an artery and a vein
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Lumens are larger in veins
Veins have valves Arteries have bigger walls |
