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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
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Define Neuroscience
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The multidisciplinary study of the nervous system
and its role in behavior.
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Define Biopsychology
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The branch of
psychology that studies the relationship between the behavior and the body,
particularly the brain.
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Understand the Mind-Brain (Body) Problem (Dualism, Monism –idealistic monism and materialistic monism)
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What is the
nature of the relationship between the mind and the brain? What is the mind?
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Dualism: the
idea that the mind and the body are separate, the body is physical but the mind
is not
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Monism: the idea
that the mind and the body consist of the same substance.
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Idealistic
Monism: everything is nonphysical mind
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Materialistic
Monism: body & mind are physical
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What is the mind-brain problem? Be able to discuss it in terms of both monism and dualism.
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Mind- brain
problem: deals with what the mind is and what its relationship is to the brain.
(Does the mind control the brain? Or is the mind and brain the same thing?)
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What position do most Neuroscientists support in the mind-body problem?
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Materialistic Monism
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Why is Rene Descartes important to Biopsychology?
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Rene Descartes
is important because he used the hydraulic model to explain brain activity-
pineal gland.
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What is a model? Be able to give an example of a model.
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A Model: is a
proposed mechanism for how something works (EXAMPLE: Researchers have used the
rat to model everything from learning to Alzheimer’s disease in humans and the
computer has often served as a model of cognitive processes.)
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What is empiricism?
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Empiricism:
Information gathered through observation rather than logic or intuition
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What is Luigi Galvani famous for?
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Luigi Galvani is
famous for showing that he could make a frog’s leg twitch by stimulating the
attached nerve with electricity, even after the nerve muscle had been removed
from the frog’s leg.
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What are Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig famous for?
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Gustav Fritsch
& Eduard Hitzig are famous for ‘producing movement in dogs by electrically
stimulating their exposed brains. They proposed that animal spirits were not
responsible for movement; instead, nerves operated by electricity!
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What is Hermann von Helmholtz famous for? What was the speed of conduction in nerves?
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Herman von
Helmholtz is famous for proving that nerves are not conducted by electricity
& that the speed of conduction in nerves is 90 ft/ second whereas
electricity id 186,000mi/second.
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Why are the findings of Hermann von Helmholtz important?
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The findings of
Herman von Helmholtz are important because he demonstrated that nerves do not
behave like wires conducting electricity. He measured the speed of conduction
in nerves and calculated that it was slower than electricity.
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What is Localization?
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Localization:
Specific areas of the brain carry out specific functions.
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Who was Phineas Gage? Why is he an important person in biopsychology history?
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Phineas Gage was
a railroad construction foreman who was injured when a dynamic blast drove an
iron rod through his skull and the frontal lobes of his brain. After the injury
he became irresponsible and profane and was unable to abide by social
conventions.
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What is Paul Broca famous for?
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Paul Broca’s is
famous for indentifying the Broca’s area in the brain.
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