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Wat metabolic processes can occur without a net influx of energy from some other process?
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C6H12O6+6O2--->6CO2 + 6H20
metabolic pathway begins with a specific molecule, which is then altered in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product. Each step of the pathway is catalyzed by a specific enyme. Cellular respiration is exergonic or has a net release of free energy, therefore it does not need another source to provide energy.
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The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate (ATP + H20--->ADP+Pi)....
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ATP is bonded to a chain of three phosphate groups and they can be broken during hydrolysis. When the terminal phophate is broken, it becomes ADP. The raction is exergeonic and releases 7 kcal/mol under standard conditions. Under appropriate conditions this can occur spontaneously.
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What is true concerning catabolic pathways?
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Usually paired with anabolic pathways to which they supply energy in the form of ATP
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Which term describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones
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Catabolism
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What does the first law of thermodynamics state
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Energy can be transferred and transformed but it cannot be creted or destroyed. Known as the principle of conservation of energy.
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What does the second law of thermodynamics state
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Every energy transfer or transformatin increases the entropy of the universe.
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A chemical reaction that has a positive g is what? negative g?
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Endergonic-absorbs free energy, exergonic-energy releasing
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ATP generally energizes a cellular process by
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Coupling free energy released by ATP hydrolysis to free energy needed by other reactions.
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What is allosteric regulation
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Describes any case in which a proteins function at one site is affected by the binding of a regulatory molecule to a separate site.
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An increase in the level of cellular ATP is likely to occur when?
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During decreased activity of anabolic pathways, inncreased activity o catabolic pathways, and allosteric inhibiton of anabolic pathways.
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Fermentation takes place in the
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Cytosol
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Most of the energy that enters electron transport enters as
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FADH2 NADH
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What is the term used for metabolic pathway in which glucose is degraded to carbond dixide and water?
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Cellular respiration
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During aerobic cellular respiration a proton gradient in mitochondria is generated by what and used primarily for what?
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The electron transport chain and ATP synthesis
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The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is directly involved in
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Accepting electrons at teh end of the electron transport chain
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