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Cards In This Set
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Organic Compound
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Carbon based molecules. Over 2 million organic compounds are known.
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Hydrocarbons
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Compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogenEx: Methane
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Carbon Skeleton
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The chain of carbon atoms in an organic molecule
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Isomers
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Compounds with the same formula but different structures
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Functional Groups
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The groups of atoms that usually participate in chemical reactions in organic molecules
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Hydrophilic
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Water loving, and therefore, soluble in water
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Hydroxyl Group
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 Consists of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which is in turn bonded to a molecule's carbon skeleton |
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Carbonyl Group
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 A carbon atom linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom |
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Carboxyl Group
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 Consists of a carbon double bonded to an oxygen and also bonded to a hydroxyl group |
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Amino Group
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 A nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. Only group with Nitrogen. Acts as base by picking up H+ from a solution. |
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Phosphate Group
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 Consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms |
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Four Main Classes of Large Biological Molecules
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Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
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Macromolecules
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A giant molecule in a living organism: a protein, carbohydrate, lipid, or nucleic acid.
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Polymers
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A large molecule consisting of many identical or similar molecular units, called monomers, covalently joined together in a chain.
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Monomers
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The units that serve as the building blocks of polymer
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