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Cards In This Set
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Transcription factors that bind to promoters located immediately upstream of a gene are known as....?
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Cis-acting elements
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Increased protein kinase activity due to the overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in some forms of breast cancer. How could a drug affect EGRF to decrease kinase activity?
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Decrease expression of EGFR by methylating the promoter
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A gene is made up of three exons numbers consecutively with two introns (intron 1 between exons 1 and 2 and intron 2 between exons 2 and 3). What would happen if there were a mutation at the 3' splice site of intron 1?
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MRNA with all three exons along with intron 1
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Epigenetics refers to a special kind of hereditary mechanism. Epigenetic changes do not change the DNA nucleotide sequence, yet their effect on gene expression can last for several generations.
In one surprising study, it was found that the grandsons of men who suffered a famine were less likely to die of cardiovascular disease. The experience of famine made some cardio-protective change in the sperm of those grandfathers that was passed on. What type of change was likely responsible? |
Histone acetylation or DNA methylation
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RNA binding proteins affect RNA stability by binding to sites within
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Untranslated regions (UTRs)
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Histone deacetylases would likely
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Increase transcription
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In prokaryotes, RNA polymerase can bind to the promoters of genes directly, but in eukaryotes, what else is needed to facilitate binding of RNA polymerase to the promoters?
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Transcription factors
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Some transcription factors control hundreds of target genes, and thus are sometimes called “master regulators”.
Why would be the MAIN benefit to the organism of using a master regulatory gene instead of multiple different transcription factors? |
A large suite of genes can be turned on together in a coordinated way
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What modification to eIF-2 prevents it from helping to initiate translation?
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Phosphorylated
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How can phosphorylation of a cytoplasmic protein convert it into a transcription factor?
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By causing it to go into the nucleus
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If a certain cell type needs to rapidly change which proteins are active in response to stimuli, which type of regulation will be fastest?
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Post translational regulation
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Ubiquitylation results in:
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The degradation of protein
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The promoters involved in eukaryotic gene regulation:
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Vary in length and location
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The dephosphorylation of eIF2 would:
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Increase translation
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What type of gene is a normal activator of cell growth?
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Proto-oncogene
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