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Cards In This Set
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Down Syndrome
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Extra chromosome 21-mental impairment-abnormal skeletal development, weak muscles
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Nondisjunction
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Results in gametes with too many or too few chromosomes
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Huntington's disease
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-age 35-40-gradual degeneration of nervous system, causing muscle spasms and personality disorders-no treatment, 100% fatal-CHROMOSOME 4
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PKU (Phenylketonuria)
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-enzyme can't break down phenylalanine -built up phenylalanine in blood and brain cells-damage to nervous system and mental impairment -chromosome 12
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PKU Treatment
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-restrict dietary intake of phenylalanine
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Hemophilia
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-proteins needed to form blood clots are missing or reduced -males?-prolonged bleeding and can be lethal without treatment -fixed with blood transfusions or genetic engineering
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X-linked Recessive
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-none of the girls will have the disorder, but half will be carriers-half boys will have the disorder, half the boys will not-ex: color blindness
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Backbone of DNA strand
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-sugars and phosphates held together by hydrogen bonds
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Nucleosome
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DNA wrapped around histone proteins
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RNA polymerase
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Uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule
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MRNA
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Template that specifies the order of the amino acids
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Codon
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3 nucleotides that group together to make a "word"
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TRNA
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Transfer amino acids tot he ribosome according to the mRNA sequence
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Anticodon
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Three bases that must complement the mRNa codon
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Start codon
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3 nucleotides that signal the start of the protein encoding portion of the mRNA
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