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Cards In This Set
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Pathway of sound in ear
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Waves strike tymp membrane, ossicles vibrate, stapes moves in/out of of oval window, waves in perilymph of SV, deflect VM, waves in endolymph, tectorial membrane still, stereocilia moved by basialr membrane, signals cochlear, waves in perilymph of ST, round window vibration
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Nervous pathway of sound
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CN VIII, cochlear nuclei in medulla, inf colliculus (startle reflexes), medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus, primary auditory cortex
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Utricle and Saccule
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Static equilibrium, linear acceleration, shifting otoliths and stereocilia
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Semicircular ducts
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Roational acceleration, ampulla @ end of each duct, intertia moves endolymph
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Membranous labyrinth
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Semicircular ducts, utricle + saccule, cochlear duct, contains endolymph
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Bony labyrinth
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Carved within temporal bone, contains perilymph
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Middle ear (tymp cavity)
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Pharyngotympanic tube, malleus, incus, stapes, oval window
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External eart
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Auricle, helix, ext acoustic meatus, tymp membrane
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Ceruminous glands
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Modified apocrine glands in ext acoustic meatus, produce cerumen (ear wax) to collect dust + debris
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Nervous pathway from eyes
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Photons stimulate photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve, lat geniculate nucleus in thalamus, visual cortex
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Superior colliculus
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Midbrain, mediates visual reflexes
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Prectectal nucleus
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Midbrain, pupillary reflex, bright light
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Suprachiasmatic nucleus
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Hypothalamus, circadian rhythm
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Seeing CLOSE
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Light must be refracted more, sympathetic contracts ciliary msls, loosen ligaments, lens rounder
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Seeing FAR
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Parasympathetic relaxes ciliary msl, stretch ligaments, lens flattened
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