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Cards In This Set
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Using the yeast signal transduction pathways, both types of mating cells release the mating factors. These factors bind to specific receptors on the correct cells,
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Which induce changes in the cells that lead to cell fusion.
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What is most likely to happen to an animal's target cells that lack receptors for local regulators?
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They might not be able to multiply in response to growth factors from nearby cells.
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Which of the following is a likely explanation of why natural selection favored the evolution of signals for sexual reproduction?
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Even in the simplest organisms, sexual reproduction required several coordinated responses by cells.
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Which of the following is characterized by a cell releasing a signal molecule into the environment, followed by a number of cells in the immediate vicinity responding?
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Paracrine signaling
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In the formation of biofilms, such as those forming on unbrushed teeth, cell signaling serves which function?
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Aggregation of bacteria that can cause cavities
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In yeast signal transduction, the yeast cells
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Secrete molecules that result in response by other yeast cells.
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In which of the following ways do plant hormones differ from hormones in animals?
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Plant hormones may travel in air or through vascular systems.
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In an experiment to track the movement of growth factor molecules from secretion to the point of receptor binding in a particular species of mammal, a student found a 20-fold reduction in mm traveled when in the presence of an adrenal hormone. This is in part attributable to which of the following?
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The growth factor is a paracrine signal.
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When a neuron responds to a particular neurotransmitter by opening gated ion channels, the neurotransmitter is serving as which part of the signal pathway?
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Signal molecule
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Of the following, a receptor protein in a membrane that recognizes a chemical signal is most similar to
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The active site of an allosteric enzyme that binds to a specific substrate.
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Which of the following is true for the signaling system in an animal cell that lacks the ability to produce GTP?
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It would not be able to activate and inactivate the G protein on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.
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Testosterone functions inside a cell by
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Binding with a receptor protein that enters the nucleus and activates specific genes.
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Which of the following is true of transcription factors?
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They control gene expression.
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One of the major categories of receptors in the plasma membrane reacts by forming dimers, adding phosphate groups, and then activating relay proteins. Which type does this?
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Receptor tyrosine kinases
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Because most receptors are membrane proteins, which of the following is usually true?
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They change their conformation after binding with signal polypeptides.
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