Bio Part 3

Hypertonic=higher solution outside, fluid leaves cell and it crinkles (crenulates); isotonic=equal; hypotonic=higher solution inside, fluid rushes into cell and it lyses (bursts)

1) It decreases in density when it becomes a solid, which is important because if not, ice would sink and eventually the entire Earth would be frozen, 2) Everything is soluble in water, 3) Water molecules bend enzymes so they can catalyze reactions

When a hydrogen atom bonds with another atom. Hydrogen bonds are usually pretty weak, but when there are multiple H-bonds (like in water), they are very strong due to the polarity.

1) All living things are made of cells, 2) Cells come from pre-existing cells through division, and 3) Cells are made of similar molecules with similar characteristics and biochemistry. Robert Hooke gave them their name.

Brown was the first to observe the nucleus.

Galileo was probably the first to observe cells.

He was the first to observe cells in teeth scrapings and described them, though he didn't give them a name

Any specialized structure within the cell (the organs of the cell). These include: the cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, rough/smooth ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuole, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cytoskeleton, centriole, cilia, and flagella.

Plant cells have a cell wall, vacuole, and chloroplasts. Animals cells have lysosomes, centrioles, and a flagella or cilia.

Yes, but they don't have membrane bound organelles such as the nucleus.

Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic, while bacterial cells are prokaryotic

There's an upper limit on how big a cell can be because there must be a high ratio of SA to volume. If not, the cell won't have enough SA to perform enough diffusion of nutrients through the membrane. Also, the cell will be too big to transport materials throughout the entire cell.

1) Mitosis produces 2 cells, while meiosis produces 4, 2) mitosis occurs everywhere in the cell, while meiosis only occurs in the gonads, and 3) mitosis is used for growth, development, and repair, and meiosis is used to produce sex cells.

Multiply the objective lens power by the ocular lens power.

A metazoan is a multicellular animal. They are part of the opisthokont lineage, which are said to evolve from choanoflagellates. The colonial flagellate hypothesis is that we all evolved from flagellate protists that began to specialize and became what resembles a modern animal's blastula.