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18
One hormone released from the ____ pituitary is Growth Hormone which stimulates growth and metabolism. Excess secretion of the pituitary hormone can result in “_____” or “_____”. |
One hormone released from the anterior pituitary is Growth Hormone which stimulates growth and metabolism. Excess secretion of the pituitary hormone can result in “gigantism” or “acromegaly”.
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19
The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormone which is
actually two molecules ,____ and ____, derived from ______ (amino acid). These hormones regulate_______, _______, and _____.
____ is the most active
form and ___is typically converted to ____upon arrival in the target cells.
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The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormone which is
actually two molecules , T3 and T4 , derived from tyrosine. These hormones regulate overall metabolic rate, blood
pressure, and heart rate.
T3 is the most active
form and T
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20_____ (gland) hormones namely ____ and____regulate their own level via two negative feedback loops.
TRH =______ TSH = _______ Explain this double loop mechanism What does T3 do? |
 Thyroid hormones namely Ts and T4 regulate their own level via two negative feedback loops. TRH = TSH Releasing HormoneTSH = Thyroid Stimulating Hormone T3 crosses membrane binds to receptor, and alters gene expresson |
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21
Enlarged thyroid AKA _____r results from breakdown in _______. Is this a result from hyper or hypo thyrodism? Explain why there is a growth below chin. |
Enlarged thyroid AKA Goiter results from breakdown in Negative feedback loop.
Hypothyroidism: When there is insufficient thyroid hormone (for example with an iodine deficiency) there is no hormone available to feedback and turn off TSH production. The thyroid grows in an effort to meet the demand. |
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22
Graves Disease is a result form (Hyper/ hypo) thyrodism. This disease of the eye occurs because>>>> |
Graves Disease is a result form Hyperthyrodism.
An autoimmune disease in which antibodies are made by mistake that bind and activate the TSH receptor so that the thyroid does not respond to negative feedback and thyroid hormone continues to be released. |
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Melatonin is released from the ___ gland at night. Synthesis and release are controlled by the
______.
•In many mammals it is involved in regulating
seasonal cycles that are controlled by______(reproduction, coat color, fat accumulation, hibernation, etc.) [photoperiodism]Why do hamsters have smaller balls during the winter?
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Melatonin is released from the pineal gland at night. Synthesis and release are controlled by the hypothalamus.•In many mammals it is involved in regulating seasonal cycles that are controlled by the length of the daily photoperiod (reproduction, coat color, fat accumulation, hibernation, etc.) [photoperiodism]
Shorter days --> affect the releasing of melatonin |
