+
Related Flashcards
Related Topics
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
|
1What are The Two Major Communication Systems?
What structure and mechanism is the thyroid gland regulated by? What gland is responsible for photoperiodism (the response of an organism to seasonal changes in day length.) What do the adrenal glands respond to? |
The
Two Major Communication Systems
The Nervous System and the Endocrine System Pancreas Homeostasis and blood glucose Central Regulation by Hypothalamus-Pituitary Anterior and Posterior Pituitary: Structure and function Thyroid Gland Regulation by hypothalamus/pituitary and negative feedback Pineal Gland Photoperiodism Adrenal Gland Response to stress |
|
2
What are the two com. systems and what do they do? What cells are involved |
•The nervous system conveys high-speed
electrical signals along specialized cells called neurons (will be discussed in
a few weeks)
•The endocrine system secretes hormones that
coordinate slower but longer-acting responses
|
|
3What is an animal hormone?
Do all cells respond to all hormones? why/why not? |
•An animal hormone
–Is
a chemical signal that is secreted into the circulatory system and communicates
regulatory messages within the body. There are a variety of classes of these
molecules that include small peptides,
proteins, glycoproteins, steroids, and
amines
•Hormones may reach all parts of the body
–But
only certain types of cells, the “target cells”, are equipped to respond (have
the appropriate receptors)
|
|
4
Briefly explain what the following do 1) Hypothalamus2) Pineal Gland3) Pituatary4) Gonads |
encocrine system turns out to be similarWhat glands do the following?
|
|
5
There are three basic patterns of hormonal release |
Endocrine Release
Neuroendocrine Release
Neurohormonal Release
|
|
Describe Endocrine pathway.
In a simple endocrine pathway, the ________ cell releases the hormone directly into the _______ in response to a “challenge” or stimulus. In the example the “challenge” is low blood glucose which stimulates enodcrine cells in the ________to release the hormone glucagon. |
In a simple endocrine pathway, the endocrine cell
releases the hormone directly into the circulatory system in response to a
“challenge” or stimulus. In the example to the right the “challenge” is low
blood glucose which stimulates enodcrine cells in the pancreas to release the hormone glucagon.
|
 6 Explain Endocrine pathway...fill in spaces |
 |
|
7
Neurosecretory Cell: In the Neurohormonal and Neuroendocrine pathways, where are these cells found? |
A nerve cell that is specialized release its signal molecules into the circulatory system.
Cells are attached to hypthalamus |
 7 Fill in blanks or label the parts and what pathway is this? |
 |
 8 Fill in blanks or label the parts and what pathway is this? |
 |
|
7
In a simple _______ pathway, neurosecretory cells release a hormone into the blood in response to a “challenge” or stimulus. In the example in question 9 , neurons in the hypothalamus release the neurohomone _______ which triggers milk release in the breast in response to suckling. |
7
In a simple neurohormone pathway, neurosecretory cells release a hormone into the blood in response to a “challenge” or stimulus. In the example to the right, neurons in the hypothalamus release the neurohomone oxytocin which triggers milk release in the breast in response to suckling. |
|
8
In a ______ pathway, neurosecretory cells release the hormone directly into the circulatory system in response to a “challenge” or stimulus. This neurohormone (often called a ______ hormone) targets _______ cells which in turn release hormones into the circulation. These hormones regulate the response. The example in question 10 involves __________ as the tropic neurohormone, it acts on the (anterior/post?) pituitary to cause the release of the hormone _______. This hormone activates milk production by the mammary glands. |
8
In a neuroendocrine pathway, neurosecretory cells release the hormone directly into the circulatory system in response to a “challenge” or stimulus. This neurohormone (often called a tropic hormone) targets endocrine cells which in turn release hormones into the circulation. These hormones regulate the response. The example to the right involves prolactin releasing hormone (PRH) as the tropic neurohormone, PRH acts on the anterior pituitary to cause the release of the hormone prolactin. Prolactin activates milk production by the mammary glands. |
|
9
Summarize a) the Neurohormone or Endocrine and b) the Neuroendocrine pathways. Give general mechanisms |
*Review on ppt, my interpretation my be wrong*
a) Stimulus --> hormone release (by endocrine gland/neurosecretory cell) --> Effect bi) stimulus --> trophic hormone release (by hypothalamus)--> trophic hormone release (by anterior pituitary)--> endocrine gland which then release hormone --> effectorbii) stimulus --> trophic hormone release (by hypothalamus)--> hormone release (by anterior pituitary)--> effect |
