Bio Exam II: Energy-Enzymes-Cell Resp-Photosynthesis-Chromosomes-Cell Division

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53 cards   |   Total Attempts: 188
  

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Cards In This Set

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Explain how life is a combustion process.
  1. Defined as a form of oxidation, a chemical reaction that results in oxygen. It produces energy.
Compare combustion of a match with combustion of glucose in a cell.
  1. They both produce energy and CO2 and heat
How is ATP involved with harvesting energy from fuel (food) sources?
  1. -Enzymes degrade organic molecules that are rich in energy to waste products, some of the energy is used to do work but the rest is dissipated into heat. -Catabolic metabolic pathways release the energy stored in complex molecules.
Explain how metabolism is efficient.
  1. Energy capture is maximized and loss is minimized.
Explain how metabolism is specific.
  1. -Enzymes only bond to certain types of molecules(substrate).
-Only fuel molecules burn.
-Enzymes only lower activation energy for molecules in reactions.
-Certain enzymes catalyze certain substrates.
What role do enzymes play in cellular metabolism?
  1. Bond and break down molecules, do the work.
What is energy of activation for a chemical reaction?
  1. the minimum amount of energy that is required for a given reaction to occur.
How is activation energy affected by enzymes?
  1. Many enzymes function by lowering the activation energy of reactions.
What are catabolic and anabolic reactions?
  1. Anabolic-energy input
  2. Catabolic-energy output
How does ATP function in supplying energy for life processes?
  1. -breaking up ATP releases energy
-turns into ADP when heavily exercizing -continuously replenished by metabolic reaction
What energy carrying molecules are involved in cellular respiration besides ATP?
  1. NAD and FAD
How do organisms use energy?
  1. by exercising, cell respiration, metabolic reactions makes and creates.
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?Where do glycolysis, Krebs Cycle and electron transport occur in the cell?
Glycolysis- cytoplasm
-Krebs Cycle- mitochondria
-Electron transport chain- mitochondria ( inner mitochondria membrane)
Which phase(s) of cellular respiration require oxygen?
  1. Krebs, Election Transport System
What are the products of glycolysis?
  1. 2 molecules of pyruvate, 2 molecules of NADH, and a net of 2 molecules of ATP.