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Cards In This Set
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Define Molecular Biology
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The investigation of life at the level of its individual molecules
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What scientists won the Nobel Prize when they presented the double helix structure of DNA to the world (2)
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Watson and Crick
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What and who's key data helped Watson and Crick in their research of DNA double helix structure
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X-Ray Chrystalography or Xray diffraction of DNA by Rosalind Franklin (and Maurice Wilkins)
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Name the four Nitrogenous Bases
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Adenine, Guanine, thymine and cytosine
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What sugar attaches to the phosphate group in DNA
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Deoxyribose
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What bonds join the nitrogenous bases? Why is it important?
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Hydrogen bonds. Important because it can be easily broken for unwinding.
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What bonds join the sugar/phospates? Why is it important?
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Covalent bonds. Important because they are strong and will hold DNA together during unwinding.
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What makes up a nucleotide?
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A Phosphate Group, a Deoxyribose molecule, and 1 (of 4) nitrogenous bases.
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What is a 'complimentary base pair' ?
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G to C, C to G
T to A, A to T |
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What enzyme unwinds DNA, separating it into 2 strands so base pairing can take place?
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Helicase
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What is DNA Polymerase? What does it do? (2)
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Enzyme that moves along each strand of the double helix, joining
together nucleotides to form the new complementary strand of DNA?
It also corrects mismatched pairs by backspacing. |
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What is a mutation?
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A permanent alteration of a DNA base sequence.
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What is a point mutation?
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When a sequence error is changed in the wrong way. Ex. G - C, is mistakenly G - T, and then corrected to A - T instead of G - C.
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What is the monomer of Nucleic Acids?
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Nucleotides (Phosphate/Sugar/Base)
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What is the polymer of Nucleic Acids?
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DNA & RNA
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